Ultraviolet light is produced in a mercury discharge tube: inert gas suspended from the mercury vapor, and a quartz tube containing two electrodes and an insulator.
Mercury reaches its highest point at 254 nanometers, 310 nanometers and 366 nanometers, producing radiation between 200 and 400 nm. Quartz cuts off the lower wavelength and does not transmit any radiation below 230 nm.
Each atom is composed of a nucleus, and many electrons floating around in a fixed orbit. By adding energy (electricity) electrons are brought in a higher orbit.
Each element shows a tendency to return to its original state. The electron will retreat in its previous orbit: excessive energy is emitted as a photon.
The most commonly used ultraviolet lamps are made from electrically powered mercury arc lamps or MPMA lamps. It can be produced in a few millimeters to more than two meters in length. The life span of these lights varies from 1000 to 2500 hours.
Tubes made of quartz, as this is transmit ultraviolet light and endure 6 at the same time to the high temperature of 800 ° C the only material. Tubes will have a little swelling and do have a high melting point temperature (1100 ° C)
The electrodes are made of tungsten: the process of producing them is extremely complex. Use tungsten, because the temperature of the curve can be increased to more than 3000 ° C.
Use the molybdenum plate to connect the electrodes and wires, which can expand with quartz. And it can withstand high voltages when heated.
The lamp is then suspended to a ceramic (or other) insulator.
Because supply current is often insufficient to power a MPMA lamp, the uv lamp usually USES a transformer. Two types will be used: induction and repair of power transformers. Standard ballast is also used up to five kilowatts of capacity.